Kwidijithali yamazinyo yanamhlanje,I-intraoral zamazinyo ze-X-reyi zoluvoziye zaba yimfuneko kuxilongo, ucwangciso lonyango, kunye nonxibelelwano lwesigulane. Ingaba ufumanisa i-caries yokuqala, ukuvavanya unyango lweengcambu, okanye ukuvavanya iimeko zamathambo, umgangatho womfanekiso uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuchaneka kweklinikhi.

Iingcali ezininzi zamazinyo zibuza imibuzo efanayo:

• Sisebenza njani isivamvo samazinyo?
• Uthini umahluko phakathi kweCCD kunye neCMOS zoluvo?
• Ingaba isivamvo samazinyo kufuneka sihlale ixesha elingakanani?
• Liliphi ixesha lokutshintsha inzwa yokuguga?

Eli nqaku lichaza umgaqo osebenzayo weenzwa zamazinyo, uthelekisa i-CCD kunye ne-CMOS teknoloji, kwaye inika isikhokelo esisebenzayo kwi-sensor yokuphila kunye nokutshintshwa.

Isebenza Njani iSensor yeX-reyi yamazinyo?

Nangona itekhnoloji yeenzwa ezahlukeneyo zikhona, phantse zonkeizinzwa zamazinyo zanamhlanje zangaphakathilandela inkqubo yomfanekiso ofanayo.

Inyathelo 1. IiX-reyi zidlula eziNgweni

Ngexesha lokuxilongwa, umqadi we-X-ray ungena emazinyweni esigulane kunye nethambo elijikelezileyo. Izihlunu ezahlukeneyo zifunxa izixa ezahlukeneyo zokusasazeka kwemitha, zenza ubunzulu beX-reyi obahlukeneyo.

Inyathelo lesi-2. I-Scintillator iGuqulela ii-X-reyi zibe kukukhanya okubonakalayo

Umaleko wokuqala ngaphakathi kwinzwa yiiscintillator (umaleko wefluorescent).

Umsebenzi wayo kukuguqula ii-X-reyi ezingabonakaliyo zibe kukukhanya okubonakalayo okunokubonwa yi-chip ye-imaging.

Lo maleko yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zenzwa yonke kuba imisela ubukhulu becala ukuqaqamba komfanekiso, ububukhali, kunye nokwahlukileyo.

Inyathelo 3. I-CMOS Imaging Chip ibamba ukukhanya

Ukukhanya okubonakalayo kufikelela kwizigidi zeepikseli ezincinci kwi-CMOS imaging chip.

Ipixel nganye iguqula ukukhanya kube yintlawulo yombane.

Inyathelo 4. INkqubo yeDijithali yenza uMfanekiso

Iimpawu zombane zicutshungulwa nge-elektroniki kwaye zigqithiselwe kwisoftware yomfanekiso.

Kwimizuzwana nje, ugqirha ufumana umfanekiso wamazinyo ongwevu onokuveza:

• Ii-caries zamazinyo
• Izilonda zePeriapical
• Ingcambu ye-anatomy yomsele
• Ukulahleka kwethambo ngamaxesha
• Isakhiwo samathambo e-trabecular
• Amazinyo achaphazelekileyo

ICCD vs CMOS: Uthini Umahluko?

Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, izinzwa zamazinyo zazisetyenziswa ikakhuluI-CCD (Isixhobo esiDityanisiweyo)okanyeI-CMOS (I-Metal-Oxide Semiconductor eyongezelelweyo)iteknoloji.

Okubangela umdla,zombini itekhnoloji ivelisa imifanekiso isebenzisa inkqubo yokuguqula i-X-reyi ngqo. Umahluko omkhulu kuphelaindlela iintlawulo zombane ezifundwa ngayo kwi-sensor.

Kutheni le nto iCMOS ibe nguMgangatho woShishino?

Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini eyadlulayo, iCCD ibibonelela ngomgangatho womfanekiso okwizinga eliphezulu.

Nangona kunjalo, inkqubela phambiliiteknoloji ye-CMOS ekhanyiselwe ngasemva (BSI).ziye zaphucuka kakhulu indlela yokusebenza.

Iinzwa zanamhlanje zeCMOS zibonelela:

• Isantya esiphezulu somfanekiso
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi
• Ukuhambelana kokwenziwa ngcono
• Ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso
• Umgangatho womfanekiso ogqwesileyo
• Ukuqina okukhulu

Nje ngeziphumo,phantse zonke izinzwa zamazinyo zanamhlanje zangaphakathi zisebenzisa itekhnoloji yeCMOS.

Ubuchwephesha beCCD buhlala ikakhulu kuphando lwezenzululwazi olukhethekileyo kunye neenkqubo ezithile zokucinga ezikumgangatho ophezulu.

Yintoni emisela ubomi beSensor yamazinyo?

Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba i-chip ye-CMOS ekugqibeleni igugile.

Kwinyani,itshiphu yomfanekiso ayifane ibe licandelo lokuqala ukusilela.

I-scintillator imisela uBomi beSensor

Iumaleko we-scintillatorunoxanduva malungaI-80% yokuthotywa komgangatho womfanekiso wexesha elide.

Kwiminyaka emininzi yokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla, izinto ezininzi zinciphisa ngokuthe ngcembe ukusebenza kwayo.

1. Utyhileko oluqhubekayo lweX-reyi

Utyhileko oluphindaphindiweyo lweX-reyi luguga ngokucothayo imathiriyeli yephosphor.

Njengoko ukuguqulwa kokukhanya kokukhanya kuncipha, imifanekiso iba:

• Ukuqaqamba kancinci
• Phantsi ngokungafaniyo
• Kunzima ngakumbi ukutolika

2. I-Chemical Disinfection

Ukucocwa rhoqo kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane kunokuchaphazela ngokuthe ngcembe indawo ekhuselayo yenzwa.

Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ii-disinfectants zinokufaka isandla koku:

• Ukuba namafu kwendawo
• Inkungu yomfanekiso
• Amabala amnyama asisigxina

Ukukhuselwa komqobo ofanelekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokucoca ezicetyiswa ngumenzi zinokunceda ukunciphisa lo mngcipheko.

3. Uxinzelelo lweMechanical

Izinzwa zamazinyo zifumana uxinzelelo olubalulekileyo lomzimba ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla.

Uxinzelelo oluphindaphindiweyo lokuluma, ukuhla ngengozi, okanye iimpembelelo zingonakalisa ngokusisigxina umaleko we-scintillator, ekhokelela ku:

• Ii-artifacts zomfanekiso olungisiweyo
• Iindawo ezifileyo
• Amanqaku amnyama asisigxina

Ngaba iCMOS Chip Igugile?

Ngaphantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zeklinikhi,Iichips zeCMOS zomelele kakhulu.

Izinto ze-elektroniki ziyakwazi ukusebenza8-10 iminyaka okanye ngaphezuluphambi kokufumana ukuthotywa okubonakalayo kombane.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, umgangatho womfanekiso uyehlakakuhle phambi kokuba itshiphu ngokwayo ifikelele esiphelweni sobomi bayo, ngokuyintloko ngenxa yokuba umaleko we-scintillator uwohloka kuqala.

Ubomi obulindelekileyo kuMsebenzi wamazinyo oMgangatho

Kwikliniki yamazinyo jikelele ethatha malunga10–20 radiographs ngosuku, umgangatho womfanekiso udla ngokulandela le pateni:

Iminyaka 1-5

• Umgangatho womfanekiso ozinzileyo
• Umahluko ogqwesileyo
• Akukho ukwanda okubonakalayo kokuvezwa ngemitha
• Ukusebenza okuhambelanayo kokuxilonga

Iminyaka 5-7

Ukuthotywa komfanekiso ngokuthe ngcembe kuyaqala.

Oogqirha banokuqaphela:

• Inkungu yomfanekiso omncinci
• Ingxolo yomfanekiso eyandisiweyo
• Ubukhali obuncitshisiweyo
• Ukunyuka okuncinci kwizicwangciso zokuvezwa ukugcina umgangatho womfanekiso

Emva kweminyaka eyi-7

Ukuwohloka komfanekiso kubaluleka ngokwezonyango.

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Amabala amnyama alungisiweyo
• Imigca emi nkqo okanye ethe tye
• Ukuncitshiswa kobuntununtunu bendawo
• Umbono ongalunganga we-anatomy yengcambu yengcambu
• Ubunzima bokubona izilonda ezincinci zecarious

Kwiinkqubo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo,ukutshintshwa malunga neminyaka esixhenxe kuthathwa njengento efanelekileyo.

Ubomi kwiiklinikhi zoMqulu oPhezulu

Iimveliso ezinomthamo ophezulu ezifana:

• amaziko Orthodontic
• Iikliniki ezinezitulo ezininzi
• Uqheliselo lwamaqela amakhulu

rhoqo ukubamba30–60 radiographs ngosuku.

Ngenxa yokuba i-scintillator ifumana ubunzima obukhulu ngakumbi bokuvezwa kwimitha yemitha, ukuthotywa komfanekiso kwenzeka kwakamsinya.

Ulindelo oluqhelekileyo lu:

• Umgangatho oqaphelekayo uyehla emva komlinganiselo3.5-5 iminyaka
• Ukutshintshwa kuyacetyiswa ngaphakathi5-6 iminyaka

UBalo loMfanekiso lwethiyori vs kuBomi beNkonzo obuSebenzayo

Abavelisi basoloko beqikelela izinzwa zamazinyo malunga noko100,000 ukutyhilekaphantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo zokusebenza.

Ngokusekwe kusetyenziso lwemihla ngemihla:

Nangona kunjalo, abavelisi bezixhobo zonyango bachaza ngokubanzi aubomi benkonzo yoyilo malunga ne-7 iminyaka, ngefestile yotshintsho esebenzayo phakathi5 kunye 8 iminyaka, kuxhomekeke kumthwalo womsebenzi kunye nokugcinwa.

Umgangatho womfanekiso weklinikhi-hayi ukuba sesichengeni kuphela-kufuneka ukhokele izigqibo zokutshintshwa.

Iimpawu zokuba iSensor yakho yamazinyo kufuneka itshintshwe

Izinzwa zokwaluphala zihlala zibonisa iimpawu ezibonakalayo.

Cinga ngokutshintsha inzwa ukuba uyaqaphela:

• Imifanekiso iya isiba mfiliba phantsi kwezicwangciso ezifanayo zokuvezwa
• Ukungafani okungahambi kakuhle kunye nesakhiwo samathambo e-trabecular
• Amabala amnyama asisigxina okanye iindawo ezinamafu
• Imigca emi nkqo okanye ethe tye engakwaziyo ukuyisusa ulungelelwaniso
• Ukwanda kokuvezwa kwemitha efunekayo ukufikelela kwimifanekiso eyamkelekileyo
• Ingxolo egqithisileyo kwiimowudi zomfanekiso wedosi ephantsi
• Ubunzima bokubona iinkcukacha zomsele wengcambu okanye i-caries yokuqala

Xa le miba iqhubeka, ukusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo kunokuphazamisa ukuzithemba kokuxilonga.

IiNgcebiso eziGqwesileyo zokwandisa uBomi boluvo

Nangona akukho nzwa ihlala ngonaphakade, ukunakekelwa okufanelekileyo kunokwandisa kakhulu ubomi bayo benkonzo.

Iinkqubo ezicetyiswayo ziquka:

• Sebenzisa izithintelo zokukhusela ezilahlwayo kwisigulane ngasinye.
• Landela iinkqubo ezivunyiweyo zomenzi zokubulala iintsholongwane.
• Kuphephe ukugoba ngokugqithisileyo okanye ukujija ikhebula lenzwa.
• Thintela izigulane ekulumeni ngokuthe ngqo kwi-sensor edges xa kunokwenzeka.
• Gcina inzwa kwindawo yokukhusela xa ingasetyenziswa.
• Phatha inzwa ngononophelo ukunciphisa ukuhla ngengozi okanye iimpembelelo.

Ulungelelwaniso lweXesha oluCetyisiweyo

Le shedyuli ilandelayo ibonelela ngereferensi ebonakalayo kwiiklinikhi ezininzi:

Uvavanyo lwesiqhelo lomgangatho womfanekiso kufuneka luhlale lukhapha ezi zikhokelo ngokubanzi.

Iingcamango Zokugqibela

YangokuCMOS zamazinyo abenzi boluvozinika umgangatho obalaseleyo womfanekiso, ukuthembeka, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, kubenza ukuba bakhethe umgangatho wezenzo zamazinyo zanamhlanje. Ngelixa i-chip ye-CMOS ngokwayo yenzelwe ukusebenza kwexesha elide, iUmaleko we-scintillator ngokuqhelekileyo licandelo lokuqala lokuguga, ngokuthe ngcembe ukunciphisa ukucaca komfanekiso emva kweminyaka yokusetyenziswa kweklinikhi.

Kwiikliniki ezininzi zamazinyo, ukubuyisela inzwa ye-intraoral emvamalunga neminyaka esixhenxeinceda ukugcina ukuchaneka koxilongo. Iinkqubo ezinomthamo ophezulu zinokuzuza ekutshintshweni emvaiminyaka emihlanu ukuya kwemithandathu, kuxhomekeke kumsebenzi wemihla ngemihla kunye nomgangatho womfanekiso.

Ngokuqonda indlela abenzi boluvo bamazinyo basebenza ngayo kunye nokubeka iliso kwiimpawu zokuthotywa kwemifanekiso, iiklinikhi zinokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okufanayo koxilongo ngelixa zilungiselela zombini ukhuseleko lwesigulane kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweklinikhi.